The integration of cryptocurrency businesses into traditional financial markets is accelerating. A significant milestone was reached in May 2025 when Coinbase Global Inc. (COIN) was officially included in the S&P 500 index. This event, which spurred a 10% surge in its after-hours trading price, symbolizes a pivotal shift. As noted by a senior analyst at Mizuho, it is a "sign of the times, marking the inclusion of crypto stocks into the mainstream."
This movement is part of a broader trend. From Antalpha's recent debut, where its stock soared over 70% and triggered a trading halt, to Galaxy Digital's (GLXY) direct listing on Nasdaq following a restructuring, crypto equities are becoming a focal point. Traditional investors are increasingly recognizing the value within the crypto industry, and the stock prices of these companies are now a significant indicator of sector health.
This guide provides a structured overview of the major publicly traded companies deeply involved in the cryptocurrency ecosystem, categorized for clarity.
Major Cryptocurrency Exchanges
These platforms are the primary gateways for buying, selling, and storing digital assets for millions of users globally.
Coinbase Global Inc. (COIN)
- Listed: April 14, 2021 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: COIN
Founded in 2012 and based in San Francisco, Coinbase serves over 120 million users across more than 100 countries. The platform supports trading for a wide array of digital assets and offers both retail and institutional services, including its Coinbase Custody and Prime divisions, which collectively manage over $200 billion in assets. Its landmark inclusion in the S&P 500 in May 2025 cemented its status as a mainstream financial entity.
Robinhood Markets, Inc. (HOOD)
- Listed: July 29, 2021 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: HOOD
Since its founding in 2013, Robinhood has democratized investing with its commission-free model. It expanded into cryptocurrency trading in 2018, allowing its users to seamlessly buy, sell, and hold Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other major digital assets alongside traditional stocks.
OSL Group Ltd (0863)
- Listed: April 27, 2012 | Exchange: HKEX | Ticker: 0863
OSL is a leading digital asset platform in Asia, operating under a virtual asset service provider license granted by Hong Kong's Securities and Futures Commission. It provides brokerage, exchange, and custodial services primarily for institutional and high-net-worth clients, with over $5 billion in assets under management.
eToro Group Ltd (ETOR)
- Listed: May 15, 2025 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: ETOR
This Israeli social trading pioneer, founded in 2007, went public in 2025. eToro is renowned for its innovative "CopyTrader" feature, which allows users to mimic the trades of experienced investors. The platform supports crypto, stocks, and ETFs, making investing accessible to its global community of over 30 million users.
Cryptocurrency Mining and Hardware Firms
This sector comprises companies that provide the foundational computing power for blockchain networks through mining, as well as those that manufacture the necessary hardware.
Bitfarms Ltd (BITF)
- Listed: June 21, 2021 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: BITF
A Canadian Bitcoin mining leader, Bitfarms operates facilities across North and South America. Its competitive edge comes from leveraging low-cost hydroelectric power and wind energy, combined with a modular data center design for operational flexibility.
Marathon Digital Holdings Inc. (MARA)
- Listed: 2012 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: MARA
One of the largest Bitcoin mining companies globally, Marathon has scaled its operations significantly through strategic acquisitions and hardware upgrades. Its focus on large-scale, cost-efficient mining facilities in North America is central to its business model.
Riot Platforms Inc. (RIOT)
- Listed: 2003 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: RIOT
A major U.S.-based mining operator, Riot leverages its own power infrastructure and highly efficient ASIC miners to optimize operational costs at its large-scale Texas facilities.
CleanSpark Inc. (CLSK)
- Listed: January 24, 2020 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: CLSK
CleanSpark distinguishes itself through a commitment to sustainable Bitcoin mining. It operates facilities in Georgia and Nevada powered entirely by renewable energy sources and uses its own energy management software to maximize efficiency.
Core Scientific Inc. (CORZ)
- Listed: January 20, 2022 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: CORZ
As a cornerstone of U.S. blockchain infrastructure, Core Scientific operates one of North America's largest mining and hosting fleets. The company is also expanding into high-performance computing (HPC) and AI training, diversifying its revenue streams beyond pure-play Bitcoin mining.
Canaan Inc. (CAN)
- Listed: November 21, 2019 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: CAN
A leading Chinese manufacturer of Bitcoin mining hardware, Canaan designs and produces the popular Avalon series of ASIC miners. Its business is driven by continuous innovation in chip design and manufacturing.
Other notable mining and hardware companies include:
- Cipher Mining Inc. (CIFR): Focused on efficient U.S.-based mining operations.
- Hut 8 Corp (HUT): A Canadian firm merging energy management with AI and Bitcoin mining.
- TeraWulf Inc. (WULF): Specializes in zero-carbon Bitcoin mining using nuclear, hydro, and solar power.
- HIVE Digital Technologies Ltd (HIVE): Operates green energy-powered BTC and ETH mining facilities alongside HPC services.
👉 Explore real-time market data for these stocks
Crypto Investment and Financial Services
These firms provide the capital, investment products, and sophisticated financial services that bridge traditional finance with the digital asset world.
Galaxy Digital Holdings Ltd (GLXY)
- Listed: August 2018 (TSX) / May 16, 2025 (NASDAQ) | Exchange: NASDAQ/TSX | Ticker: GLXY
A full-service digital asset financial firm, Galaxy Digital offers trading, asset management, and investment banking services. Its successful restructuring and subsequent Nasdaq listing in 2025 marked a major step forward for the industry.
MicroStrategy (MSTR)
- Listed: 1998 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: MSTR
The pioneering corporate adoptor of Bitcoin, this business intelligence company has fundamentally transformed into a publicly-traded Bitcoin acquisition vehicle. Through debt and equity financing, it has amassed the largest corporate Bitcoin treasury in the world.
CoinShares International Ltd (CS)
- Listed: March 2021 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: CS
As Europe's largest digital asset investment firm, CoinShares is best known for its suite of cryptocurrency Exchange-Traded Products (ETPs), providing both institutional and retail investors with regulated exposure to assets like Bitcoin and Ethereum.
Amber Group (AMBR)
- Listed: March 13, 2025 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: AMBR
This Singapore-based crypto finance firm provides a wide range of services including algorithmic trading, asset management, and lending, primarily catering to institutional and high-net-worth clients.
Crypto Ecosystem and Asset Companies
This diverse category includes companies building essential software infrastructure, like wallets, or those leveraging crypto in novel business models.
Exodus Movement Inc. (EXOD)
- Listed: December 18, 2024 | Exchange: NYSE | Ticker: EXOD
Exodus develops a popular, non-custodial software wallet that allows users to securely store, manage, and exchange a vast array of cryptocurrencies from their devices.
Fold Holdings, Inc. (FLD)
- Listed: February 9, 2022 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: FLD
Fold operates a unique Bitcoin rewards platform. Users can earn bitcoin through its financial cards and payment services, effectively integrating crypto "cashback" into everyday spending via partnerships with major payment networks.
BTCS Inc (BTCS)
- Listed: September 14, 2021 | Exchange: NASDAQ | Ticker: BTCS
BTCS is engaged in the blockchain ecosystem through two main avenues: operating validator nodes and building blocks on networks like Ethereum, and developing an e-commerce platform that accepts digital currency payments.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean for a crypto company to be publicly traded?
It means the company has undergone an initial public offering (IPO) or direct listing, selling shares of its stock to public investors on a major exchange like the NASDAQ or NYSE. This subjects them to stringent regulatory reporting requirements and allows traditional investors to gain exposure to the crypto industry without directly holding digital assets.
How can I invest in these crypto stocks?
You can purchase shares of these companies through any traditional online brokerage account (e.g., Fidelity, Charles Schwab, TD Ameritrade) using their respective stock ticker symbols. The process is identical to buying shares of any other publicly traded company.
What are the main risks of investing in crypto-related stocks?
These stocks are often considered highly volatile. Their value is typically correlated with the prices of major cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. They also face regulatory uncertainty, operational risks specific to mining or trading, and the technological risks inherent in a rapidly evolving industry.
Why are many mining companies pivoting to AI and high-performance computing?
The computational power and data center infrastructure required for cryptocurrency mining are also highly valuable for AI model training and other HPC workloads. This diversification allows miners to create more stable revenue streams that are less dependent on crypto market cycles.
What is the significance of Coinbase joining the S&P 500?
Its inclusion is a powerful signal of legitimacy from the traditional financial establishment. It indicates that crypto-native businesses are now considered substantial and mature enough to be part of a core benchmark for the U.S. stock market, prompting investment from index funds and more conservative institutional investors.
Conclusion
The landscape of publicly traded cryptocurrency companies reflects a mature and diversified ecosystem, mapping the journey of blockchain technology from the fringe to the financial mainstream.
The upstream segment is dominated by mining and hardware firms that secure networks and build critical infrastructure. The midstream consists of major exchanges that provide liquidity and access, continually expanding the boundaries of regulatory compliance. Downstream, a growing cohort of investment and financial service firms channel capital into the space and develop sophisticated products.
As more crypto giants like Circle and Kraken eye potential public listings, the trend of "crypto going public" is poised to continue. The performance of these companies offers the world a new, robust lens through which to gauge the health and potential of the entire digital asset market.