Your Ledger hardware wallet is a personal vault for securing your private keys and cryptocurrencies. As a physical device, it's vulnerable to risks like theft, damage, loss, or software issues. Proper backup and storage strategies are essential to protect your assets.
This guide explains how to create a backup device and store your Ledger, recovery phrase, and PIN securely. By following these steps, you ensure continuous access to your funds even if your primary device is compromised.
Why You Need a Ledger Backup
Hardware wallets can fail or be lost just like any physical item. Liquid damage, accidental destruction, or failed updates might leave you unable to access your crypto. Natural disasters like fires or floods also pose a threat.
A backup device lets you restore access quickly. Without it, you might see your assets in Ledger Live but couldn’t move them—since the hardware wallet is needed to sign transactions.
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How to Set Up a Backup Ledger Device
To restore access, you need a second Ledger device and your original 24-word recovery phrase. Setting up a mirror device involves a full restore process.
Step 1: Restore from Recovery Phrase
Turn on the new Ledger device. Navigate using the buttons until you see “Restore from recovery phrase.” Press both buttons to select it.
Step 2: Set a PIN Code
Choose a PIN code of 4–8 digits. Confirm each digit by pressing both buttons. Re-enter the PIN to validate.
PIN Security Tips:
- Choose an 8-digit PIN for maximum security.
- Never use a pre-set PIN; always set your own.
- Enter your PIN in private to avoid observation.
Step 3: Enter Your Recovery Phrase
Select 24 words as the length of your phrase. Input each word by selecting letters with the buttons, confirming with both presses. After entering all words, the device will process and restore your keys.
Once complete, select “Access Dashboard” to finish.
Installing Apps for Full Functionality
After restoring, connect the backup device to Ledger Live. Install all the same apps you had on your primary device. This ensures all wallets and addresses are identical.
Ledger uses deterministic key generation. Your master private key recreates the same wallets when apps are reinstalled.
Storing Your Ledger and Recovery Items
Keep primary and backup devices in separate locations. Avoid obvious hiding spots. Consider using a Faraday bag for extra protection against electromagnetic damage.
Protecting Your 24-Word Recovery Phrase
Your recovery phrase is the only way to restore your keys. Store it securely:
- Write the phrase only from the device screen.
- Check spelling and word order carefully.
- Keep the written phrase in a physical, secure location.
- Never share, photograph, or type the phrase anywhere except your hardware wallet.
Managing Your PIN Code
Your PIN is crucial for device access. Follow these practices:
- Choose a unique, hard-to-guess PIN.
- Change the PIN if you suspect it’s compromised.
- Enter the PIN away from cameras or observers.
To change your PIN:
Go to Settings > Security > Change PIN. Enter a new PIN, confirm it, and validate with the old PIN. Remember: three wrong PIN entries will reset the device.
Verifying Your Recovery Phrase
Use the “Recovery Check” app in Ledger Live to confirm your phrase is correct. This is useful if you have multiple devices or before firmware updates.
Download the app, disconnect from the computer, and enter each word on the device. The process takes about 15 minutes and confirms your backup is accurate.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why do I need a backup Ledger device?
A backup ensures you can access your funds if the primary device is lost, damaged, or stolen. Without it, you could be locked out of your assets.
How many words are in a Ledger recovery phrase?
Ledger uses a 24-word recovery phrase. Always verify the length during setup or restoration.
Can I use the same recovery phrase for multiple devices?
Yes, inputting the same phrase into another Ledger creates a mirror device with identical access to your wallets.
What happens if I enter the wrong PIN multiple times?
After three incorrect attempts, the device resets. You’ll need your recovery phrase to restore it.
Is it safe to store my recovery phrase digitally?
No. Digital storage exposes the phrase to hacking. Only use physical, secure storage like metal plates or safes.
How often should I check my recovery phrase?
Test it periodically or before major updates. Use the Recovery Check app to ensure it’s correct without risking exposure.
Conclusion
Your Ledger hardware wallet is a key part of your crypto security. Backing it up and storing recovery items properly prevents loss and ensures peace of mind. Regular checks and cautious practices keep your assets safe.